The sternocleidomastoid or SCM is a large muscle that runs down the front of the neck. This muscle is prone to developing trigger points that can cause a number of symptoms including headaches and migraines. The SCM has two divisions that run from the base of the skull and attach into the sternum and clavicle. This muscle is responsible for turning the head and neck flexion. It also has an important function of monitoring and controlling the heads position in space.

The SCM is particularly prone to developing when the neck is flexed for example working at computers or on iphones. Some other ways SCM trigger points can develop is from a whiplash injury, poor sleeping posture and chronic coughing.

The symptoms of SCM trigger points most commonly include headaches that occur across the temple and behind the eye. This muscle can also create referred pain into the cheeks, sinuses, ear and even the teeth. For most people who experience chronic headaches there is usually some involvement of the sternocleidomastoid muscle group.

There are a number of treatment options for SCM trigger points including massage therapy, dry needling or active release technique release. Also looking for factors that have contributed to the trigger points developing in the first place is also important. Making changes such as correcting the height of computer screens and pillow is vital to make sure the trigger points don’t continue to reoccur.

Reference

Simons DG, Travell JG, Simons LS. Travell and Simons’ Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Volume 1 Upper Half of Body. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1999.